Editorial

After one year

Like the parents of a new-born baby, we began by counting the life of our new magazine in days and weeks, and then in months. With the passing of the first birthday, we have reached the one-year mark with A10 and now are able to breathe a little easier and start counting in years. The magazine is still in its infancy, but the first steps have been taken. The fact that A10 is a year old is an indication that it has managed to secure a place for itself on the overcrowded shelves of European newsstands. That the magazine is reaching a growing number of readers is confirmation that it meets a need. Happily, it turns out that we are not the only ones who want to know what is happening on the architectural front in Europe. It is becoming increasingly clear, moreover, that this desire is not confined to Europe.

After rebuilding and moving house, the birth of a child ranks as one of the biggest stress factors in a relationship. We have come through that demanding first year without quarrelling, simply getting on with the task of making A10. So on that score, too, we can breathe a sigh of relief.

After a year we can also state that our extended family is doing well, too. Our correspondents have settled into their task and are committed contributors to A10. They generously share with us, and you the reader, their knowledge of and opinions about what is happening in their city, region or country. Some do this with journalistic objectivity, others convey a certain degree of personal involvement in what they write. In some cases that involvement is first-hand, as a number of our correspondents are practising architects and have written about their own projects; in other cases the contributions reveal an enthusiastic partiality that usually results in championing something or someone, but which can also take the form of trenchant criticism or lively debunking, such as displayed in this issue by our Swedish correspondent Claes Sšrstedt in his review of what he sees as the unspectacular nature of contemporary architecture in his country.

To date we have had one or more reports from just about every European country, with the exception of Iceland, Malta and Moldavia (leaving aside mini-states like San Marino and Andorra). It would appear that the premise on which A10 was founded has been borne out in this first year: that interesting architectural developments are occurring all over Europe, especially in those places where you would least expect it. Or rather, especially in those places about whose architecture little is known. This is particularly true of Central and Eastern Europe, which are more amply represented than ever before in this issue. It is equally true of countries and regions which may be on the periphery of this continent in geographical terms but which are very much in the thick of things where architecture is concerned, as evidenced in this issue by projects in Ireland and the Turkish part of Cyprus. Now for confirmation that the same is true of Iceland, Malta and Moldavia. (Hans Ibelings & Arjan Groot)

Inhalt

On the spot
News and observations:
• Richard Rogers’ Court of Justice in Antwerp (BE) is nearing completion
• Business Centre Usce, a modern office building in New Belgrade (CS), is a silent witness to how ideologies can both create and destroy
• Brühl (DE), hometown of artist Max Ernst (1891-1973), honours its most famous son with a museum designed by Cologne architects Van den Valentyn in collaboration with Mohammad Oreyzi
• The Swiss Heimatschutz has been fighting for the preservation of characteristic cultural and architectural features since the end of the 19th century. On its centennial, it is attracting attention with progressive new ideas
• Update: Viennese „visionairies“. Five practices based in Vienna (AT) that are less interested in good design than in exciting concepts
and more...

Start
New projects:
• Münchhausen’s pub in Dunte (LV), a design by Armands Bisenieks architects, is an upside-down building the baron himself could be proud of
• Past, present and future play an equal role in Manuel Herz’s deconstructivist design for a Jewish community centre in Smolensk (RU)
• Lahdelma & Mahlamäki managed to beat an impressive list of big names in their competition winning design for the Museum of the History of Polish Jews, Warsaw (PL)
• Andrés Jaque is transforming a 1940s holiday home in Coruxo (ES). The new structures will be covered with a foam rubber material, similar to the stuffing of sofas and teddy bears
• Elastik, a network of architects operating from Ljubljana and Amsterdam, have designed a building organized around a helix device to create a new urban meeting point in Tirana (AL)
• Having won the European section of the Holcim Awards – which were recently presented in Genova (IT) – Luigi Centola and Maria Giovanna Riitano, Christoph Ingenhoven and Jürgen Mayer H. are now competing for the one million dollar jackpot
• By the end of the decade, the Slovak National Gallery in Bratislava (SK) will have been reconstructed and extended to a design by Bratislava-based architects BKPS Kusy-Panak
• Connecting one bank to another is only one aspect of Hakes Associates’ bridge designs, as shows their Mobius Bridge in Bristol (GB)
• Fabrizio Rossi Prodi’s winning design for the provincial headquarters of Arezzo (IT), a building in the tradition of Aldo Rossi

Interview
NL Architects: naturally optimistic:
In the 1990s, Amsterdam-based NL Architects gained a reputation for brilliant ideas, but until recently they did not get too many opportunities to test that brilliance in built form. Paradoxically, just when the Dutch economy fell into recession, this all started to change. Nowadays, NL Architects are building more than ever before, with several projects under construction in the Netherlands and one in Korea. NL’s Kamiel Klaasse and Pieter Bannenberg talk about their latest work.

Ready
New buildings:
• In the Comeragh Mountains (IE), Bates Maher architects created four hermitages, spaces where visitors can reflect on both the outer landscape and the inner mind
• What began as a limited commission to renovate the facades of a 1970s office tower in Pécs (HU), ended in the realization of two new court rooms designed by architect Jószef Koller
• In the polder landscape of Overijssel (NL) lies a floating house designed by B+O, a practice responsible for several remarkable homes in the northern Netherlands
• Two apartment buildings in Ljubljana and Izola (SI) by Ofis and Bevk Perovic show the new face of Slovenian social housing
• Architect Josef Hohensinn did not find it all that far-fetched to take home comfort into consideration in his design for a justice and detention centre in Leoben (AT)
• Polaris’s logo-like pavilion in Belval (LU) is as functional as it is visually effective
• Adrian Berger and Lukas Huggenberger have transformed the Albisriederhaus in Zurich (CH), a 1930s building, without resorting to the usual juxtaposition of old and new
• In a shared church centre in Munich-Riem (DE) for Catholic and Protestant believers, Florian Nagler privileges the urban context over the churches’ aim of self-representation
• Petr Hajek, Tomas Hradecny and Jan Sepka’s design for a villa in Beroun (CZ) is as simple as it is playful
• In Budapest (HU), Zoboki, Demeter & Associates put the Ludwig Museum, National Philharmonic Hall and Festival Theatre under one roof, while giving each institute a distinct identity
• TeCe Architects teamed up with Zeynep Atas to design a complex of university campus buildings that withstands the harsh climate of Cyprus

Eurovision
Focusing on European countries, cities and regions:
Claes Sörstedt writes about Swedish post-Wallpaper emptiness and explains why you shouldn’t bother to go to Sweden for modern architecture – yet.
A10’s Danish correspondents take you on a guided tour of the best architecture in Copenhagen. Like any true Copenhagener, you’ll need a bike to get around.

Instant history
Buildings that already get their share of media attention:
Is the housing of La Pirotterie in the French town of Rezé just another effort to create high-style architecture for a low price? Sophie Roulet reflects on the 30 prototypes, masterplanned by Périphériques and designed by Marin+Trottin, Jumeau+Paillard, Jacques Moussafir, Stalker, Actar and l’Australien.

Mobius Bridge, Bristol

Julian and Cari-Janie Hakes’s partnership seems to be founded on winning competitions – the first one in 1995 when they were still studying at Cambridge University, the next one in 2000, when they formed Hakes Associates. In 2004 and 2005 they went on to win two more competitions in England with their designs for the Mobius in Bristol and the Bridge of Hope in Liverpool. They are currently working on designs for two 300-metre-long cycle/pedestrian bridges in Boston (USA) and two 500-metre-long highway bridges in Kuwait. It’s starting to look very much as if striking bridge designs will become their trademark.

The Mobius Bridge design, developed in collaboration with Buro Happold, is a typical example of Hakes Associates’ style. Inspired by the endless Möbius loop, the new pedestrian and cycle river crossing is a dynamic, continuously tied structure that is physically and structurally independent of both riverbanks in order to avoid forces that could damage the adjacent buildings and archeological remains on the site. The geometry of the bridge has been carefully chosen to produce an effective structural solution in relation to the site constraints. The main span comprises a steel arch in compression, with the deck suspended by relatively small diameter hanger cables. There is a connection between the arch and the deck where the two cross over, and the deck section spans the remaining distance to the end as a beam.

This autonomous construction lends the bridge a sculptural character, turning it into a local landmark and a symbol of the regeneration of the Finzels Reach area of which it is part.

A10, So., 2005.11.20

20. November 2005 Kirsten Hannema



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Moebius Bridge

European Holcim Awards 2005

Having won the European section of the Holcim Awards, Luigi Centola, Christoph Ingenhoven and Jürgen Mayer H. are now competing for the one million dollar jackpot.

What do we mean by environmental sustainability? This is certainly a good question, and one for which everyone has their own answer, a fact candidly admitted by the numerous scholars who were invited to the ETH in Zurich last year by the Holcim Foundation in order to define a more acceptable future for our planet and to prepare the cultural foundations of the Holcim Awards, one of the most extravagant monetary prizes in existence and aimed at architectural projects that are capable of improving our ecosystem.

With total prize money of two million dollars, the award has met with a significant level of success – the Holcim press release uses the word „triumph“ – attracting 1400 participants from across the globe (including some 400 Europeans) and bringing the first phase to a brilliant conclusion with the announcement of five groups of winners (in addition to numerous consolation prizes) from the five major geographical regions: Europe, Asia and the Pacific, North America, Africa and the Middle East. The winner of each group was awarded 100,000 dollars, while second and third place took home 50,000 and 25,000 dollars respectively. The winners will now participate in a second phase to be held next year, where they will compete for a prize of one million dollars, the kind of conspicuous sum that could only be offered by a multinational corporation like Holcim, the global leader in cement production. The malicious are inclined to suggest that the awards are a means of assuaging an inevitable sense of guilt, while the more benevolent see them as evidence of a desire to make a positive contribution to the physical changes taking place on our planet. The three best European projects, recognized during the prize-giving ceremony held in Geneva on 15 September, were selected by a 12-member jury on the basis of the Holcim Foundation’s five criteria of sustainable construction: innovation, ethics, energy conservation, economic performance and aesthetic and contextual relevance. First prize went to a strategic project for the rehabilitation of the Valle dei Mulini in Amalfi, coordinated by Luigi Centola and Maria Giovanna Riitano; second to the new central railway station in Stuttgart, designed by Christoph Ingenhoven; and third to the „Metropol Parasol“ project by Jürgen Mayer H. and Carlo Merino, in collaboration with Arup.

The Centola/Riitano project, located in one of the most extraordinary ecosystems in Italy, the valley that joins Amalfi and Scala, entails the rehabilitation of ten abandoned buildings that once took advantage of the natural energy offered by the river: mills, small hydroelectric plants and paper mills. Ten design teams developed proposals for their re-use: two foreign teams (Roto and EMBT, the office of Tagliabue Miralles), a transnational group (UFO, composed of Sicilians, British, Swedish and Koreans) and seven Italian teams (King& Roselli, Nemesi, Labics, n!studio, Sudarch, A+AA and Tecla). The proposed new functions include a water museum, a wellness centre and a hydroelectric plant, all of which feature an approach to architecture that is respectful of the existing elements and context, while simultaneously being contemporary and selfsufficient in terms of energy consumption. The investment for the entire project is estimated at 100 million euros, with four interventions being realized by public institutions and six by private investors.

A10, So., 2005.11.20

20. November 2005 Luigi Prestinenza

Subsidized housing, Ljubljana and Izola

Two very different examples of recent work by young Slovenian architects.

Faced with a serious shortage of housing and outrageous free-market prices, the Slovenian government has introduced a national housing policy, financed from the Slovenia Housing Fund (Stanovanjski sklad RS). Similar motives drive the social housing programmes of municipal governments. Many of the architecture competitions arising out this new government policy have been won by young architectural practices. The new housing schemes have a fresh and contemporary look, but will this new Slovenian housing truly be able to transform traditional housing stereo-types? Have any new concepts of living been developed?

It seems that the Slovenian housing industry is not yet ready to experiment. The commercial forces are still inclined to stick to tried and tested models rooted in the collectivist imagery. The strict demands of investors with respect to construction costs, apartment size, floor ratios, ceiling height and many other often obsolete parameters, keep housing conventional. Even the so-called progressive schemes are based on the repetition of „common sense“ archetypes. What else besides dry mathematics is left for the architect? Not much.

That was especially the case in the Polje social housing project on the outskirts of Ljubljana. Dealing with the existing and outdated urban project for six separate villa blocks placed on a rigid grid was no easy task. But Matija Bevk and Vasa J. Petrovič, the principals of Bevk Petrovič arhitekti, accepted the restrictions as a challenge, creating a social luxury that goes far beyond what is prescribed for non-profit rental housing. Since radical changes to the existing urban plan were not possible, Bevk Petrovič transformed the space in between. They introduced a small park with a carefully designed children's playground, making the landscape part of the housing scheme. Private-public interchange continues on open hanging balconies which act as spatial extensions of the interiors. The 78 social housing units were designed according to the rules, although Bevk Petrovič did manage one surprise. The one-room apartment on the upper floor is unexpectedly tall, radiating a true luxury of space.

While the Polje social housing was financed by Ljubljana's City Government, the apartment block in Izola is part of the national housing scheme. Since 30 apartments were for sale the budget was extremely tight. The construction costs of the non-profit block were 600 euros per square metre which translated into a 1250 euros per square metre selling price. Rok Oman of Ofis architects conducted a masterly study of the floor plans. A modular scheme was applied within the given contours of the block, resulting in optimum use of space and a maximum net saleable surface area. Collective spaces are reduced to a minimum to keep the square metre price low. After solving the internal layout, Ofis architects turned to the external appearance. The balconies were transformed into semi-closed loggias wrapped in colourful awnings that act as sun shades. This playful optical game transforms the block into an impressive design object, causing controversy among locals and professionals alike.
Bevk Petrovič arhitekti and Ofis, two examples of the recent recruitment of young Slovenian architects, are after two different kinds of beauty. Their facade games result in two quite different visual and sensual experiences. While OfisÕs colourful balconies are more seductive as imaginative design, giving the block a unique identity, almost like a brand, Bevk and Petrovičs' blocks are of a more pragmatic nature. The railway colour of the sheets of industrial cement fibre creates a modest world of its own while at the same time relating to the railway site, whereas Ofis works like a fashion designer, cutting and folding a luxurious fabric around the block rather than relating it to the local environment.

Unfortunately, the architects' creativity and know-how cannot be expressed in the interior. The strict housing regulations do not allow for more fluid and transformative spaces. Nouvel or Lacaton & Vassal's concept that the true luxury of living is the act of creating space in the home has not yet reached Slovenian social housing regulations.

Next to the Izola building, a new identical block designed by Ofis is under construction. When I visited the site the block was still in a raw, unclad state. The colourless concrete cube with protruding balcony consoles had nothing in common with its playful twin brother. There was no sign of innovation, no visual pleasure and no story. Just a silent warning, the naked truth of the limitations of a Slovenian housing production driven by rigid market demands.

A10, Sa., 2005.11.19

19. November 2005 Maja Vardjan



verknüpfte Bauwerke
Social Housing Polje
Social Housing on the coast

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